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Chapter 13: Confidence Intervals – Small Samples

585

Definition:

is a

-score with

-1 degrees of freedom such that

area is to the right

of the

-score value where

The diagram in

Figure 13-2

explains the notation. The figure assumes that

the value of

is small so the

t

-value will be in the right tail of the

distribution and will be a positive value. If the value of

was large (> 0.5),

then the

-value will be located in the left tail of the distribution and will be

a negative value.

Figure 13-2:

Diagram explaining the notation

Values for

scores with the appropriate degrees of freedom can be obtained

from appropriate

-tables or one can use the appropriate technology. Here